Plug in the MagSafe power adapter to a power source, connecting it to the Mac if its not already connected.

On the built-in keyboard, press the (left side) Shift-Control-Option keys and the power button at the same time.

Release all the keys and the power button at the same time after 25 seconds.

2) PRAM SETTING

Shut down the computer.

Locate the following keys on the keyboard: Command, Option, P, and R. You will need to hold these keys down

Turn on the computer.

Hold the keys down until the computer restarts and you hear the startup sound for the second time.

Release the keys.

IF THE ABOVE STEPS DOES NOT WORK THEN PLEASE FOLLOW THE BELOW TROUBLESHOOTING STEPS.

3) BOOT TO STARTUP MANAGER
Press and hold the option key and start the machine then the machine will boot to the startup manager.

Check in the windows the partition of your HD shows or not.
If it shows then the machine is working fine but if it does not show then the Hard disk is gone for a toss.

4) INSERT THE MAC OSX INSTALL DVD (IF THE HD IS SEEN IN STARTUP MANAGER)
Boot to the disk.

If still you get the same error which you have resported then it will be 2 possible hardware issues.

Either the Hard disk or the Logic Board.

If you are able to boot through the disk and get the language selection link then go to the first option SELECT ENGLISH AS A MAIN LANGUAGE.

Then very next page you need to click on utilities option (Found on the task bar at the top)

Select the disk utility and in that page you get 3 options
1.Some HD size in MB with any of the HD company name
2. Macintosh HD.
3. optical drive

Select the first option and do the repair disk only.
(NOTE: In the install DVD do not run the repair disk permissions as it sets the default permissions)

While repair disk if you get the error that repair disk failed and backup data and reinstall sort of error then you need to do the erase nad install where you will be losing all the data but can restore it if you have time machine backup.

Security holes hackers use
--------------------------

• Outdated servers (Running old service packs, not updating critical updates, etc...)
• Custom-made content management system (If you spent more than 30k on a website you probably have one of these, and they never or rarely get updated security wise.)
• Simplistic Passwords (Secure your employees using Uppercase, lowercase, special character, and numbers. Example: Mumble+7320 or Mumble 7320 or Mumble_7320)
• Phishing Emails (Emails that direct you to a website to enter information. Facebook, Twitter, New York Times, etc... they look like the official website but aren't)
• Relaxed IT Departments (A hacker sent an email to the company IT department stating he forgot his user ID and password, and they gave it to him in an email...FAIL!)
• Universal Passwords (Using the same password everywhere)

Some of these pitfalls are unavoidable, but acknowledging them and being aware is extremely important. The last thing you want is to give your boss a false sense of security. Here is a detailed overview of each point above.

Outdated Servers
Make sure you are approving your server updates in WSUS and scheduling time to install updates each week. I always like to do them Saturday night, so if anything goes wrong, I'll have Sunday to work on the issue. It is very common for businesses to have out of date servers due to a lack of IT support, or lazy IT departments. This is huge, because your amateur hackers can use known vulnerabilities to hack into your company.

Custom Made Content Management System
This is almost unavoidable when in a larger company, and its a security risk. The cost savings from having a CMS is big, but try to get a proven CMS platform (Check the list of PHP CMS's Here). Check the dates on the platform you are using and make sure you are using the most recent version.

Simplist Passwords
Do not use anything that identifies you. Don't use your children's names, pet names, wife, or favorite sports teams/players. If someone wants to hack your password and knows you, these will be the first things that are tried. Don't use an overly simplistic password either ab1234 isn't good because of sequential letters and numbers. It would take a couple of seconds to minutes on a brute force crack. Check this list for your password as well, if its on here you = fail. Worst passwords of 2011.

Phishing Emails
A good spam filter will block most these, but hackers can easily circumvent those filters. Always check the address bar at the top or the link address before entering any personal information. They can easily design a site to look like the original Facebook and steal your information. As a good rule of thumb, don't click on any links in emails regardless of who it is from.

Relaxed IT Departments
Most IT Departments are relaxed and extracting information from your employees is not difficult in most cases. The best defense here is to enforce a privacy policy and NEVER give out a user ID and password information to anyone except for the person asking for it in person! The article at the top had the IT department send the User ID and Password to the person in an e-mail.

Universal Passwords
Ok, we all do this and like to have one password for everything. Its just not safe, and I'd recommend using a software such as Roboform to store all those different passwords. If your going to make the same password for various things, make sure your email and work logins are UNIQUE and never reused. As a good rule of thumb I make passwords that are memorable for people, but do not identify with them in any way. They typically are more likely to reuse it when their family, sports team, favorite thing, etc... is used.

There are many ways hackers can gain access to your systems, but follow these rules and you will deter them. Most hacking incidents have been out of opportunity and not malicious targeting. Only the most elite and skilled hackers can target specific businesses and if you do get targeted, I'd recommend an external security company to test your systems. No one knows every exploit or trick to access systems, and you need someone that does those things on a daily basis to be secure. As an IT Manager myself, if my company did come into the spotlight, I'd certainly seek outside help to make sure everything is locked down tight as a drum. Even then, you can't prevent human error from a high level employee giving out information, but you can make it much harder.

Requirements for deletion (Changes in Account Settings)

• Delete all apps that are trusted
• Delete all linked accounts
• Remove all approved devices, except the one you are using

Once this is done go to Facebook Delete Account Link

Upon Verification DO NOT RE-LOGIN EVER otherwise your account will be reactivated. After 14 days it will be gone for good.

1.Click Start, and then click Run.
2.In the Open box, type regedit, and then click OK.
3.In Registry Editor, locate the following registry key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders
4.In the right pane, note the values in the Data field of each entry. If any value contains a drive that is not correct for your computer, right-click the entry, type c:\my documents in the Value data box, and then click OK.
5.Repeat step 4 for each entry whose Data value contains an incorrect drive.
6.Repeat steps 3 through 5 for each of the following registry keys:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders
7.Close Registry Editor.

Re-run your setup program and it should work. Also, I'd recommend running the registry cleaning portion of CCleaner and checking your Environmental Variables (Under System Properties, Advanced, then Environmental Variables.)

Simple Run in Windows XP SP2/3 mode and it will fix the issue. If you are unable to select this option via the shortcut, simply run the troubleshoot compatibility link from right clicking. This should fix the issue.

sudo ifconfig en0 down
sudo ifconfig en0 up

Obviously if you are renewing another interface other than your Ethernet port, en0 would need to be changed to the corresponding short name of the interface.

1. Right Click My Computer from Start Menu and select "Properties"
2. Click "Advanced System Settings"
3. Select Hardware Tab, and click "Device Installation Settings"
4. Highlight "No, Let me choose what to do"
4a. Also, "Install driver software from Windows Update if it is not found on my computer"

Save Changes and you are done. You now install devices at lightning speed!

Intune is basically Windows Server Update Services (WSUS), System Center Essentials, Microsoft Forefront, Windows Assistance, and Lifetime Windows upgrades from the cloud. So take all these roles away from your internal servers and are farmed out to the cloud at $11 dollars per PC a month. It looks very promising except Microsoft isn't always the best at these things, and here is my rundown of the limitations.

WSUS - Easy to install and monitor from your file server with little footprint. Almost no benefit having this bundled in to Intune, other than putting everything in one spot. This is also a free add-on to any server environment

System Center Essentials - I have a love/hate relationship with SCE, and I'm not all that impressed with it. It can be, at times, a nightmare to keep up-to-date with the alerts from the servers and desktops. Its not without its merits, and has been improved since the 2007 version I've used. I think having a polished slimmed down SCE for Intune was a great idea. Only time will tell if this is worth it.

Microsoft Forefront - I don't like forefront, and it does an OK job of virus scans and anti-spam. Personally, I don't think it would beat a Trend Micro or Symantec Solution, but its not a deal breaker. Again, the convenience of everything in one spot is nice.

Windows Assistance - Never been a fan of windows assistance, because it relies on the end-user to initiate the connection. Direct remote access is needed without end-user assistance, and find this feature lacking.

Lifetime Windows Upgrades - This is where Intune really shines. It offers unlimited upgrades to all computers in your environment. I know we all have windows XP machines still, and having them all upgrade to Windows 7 would be nice.

Conclusion
I think for a small branch office or even a small/medium business with limited IT, this would be a decent solution. I personally think its overpriced and needs to mature more before I'd put my business on this solution. The one thing that would push me over the edge is the Unlimited Windows Upgrades which would be very nice to have. However, Microsoft really needs to step up there game, because they aren't the only player in the space. My recommendation would be towards Kaseya solution. Its a fraction of the cost $2 per PC, and its been in the market for several years. Kaseya does require a more gifted hand than Microsoft Intune, but would be much better bang for the buck.

1. Buy the Barracuda Message Archiver ( website link: http://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/archiver-overview.php) which is a really simple installation and maintenance. I have used this before, and it gets the job done. I did have issues with restoring emails after being exported, but after some conversion and importing to pst files it worked. This isn’t my first pick, but is widely popular for message archiving.
2. Buy GFI Mail Archiver (http://www.gfi.com/mailarchiver/) which is probably the most popular software mail archiving programs out there. Installation is a bit complex, but not extremely difficult. When purchasing buy at least 1 year of maintenance because you will be on the phone with them for the first month or two after implementation. This has various platforms to run on (SQL only, SQL + File System, and 2 others using SQL Express that you SHOULD NOT use). I wish they would simplify the installation with only one option, because it’s the best in almost any situation. SQL + File System gives the best reliability and scalability.

Using any of the above solutions will work wonders for retaining and keeping a lean exchange store. You will use Exchange’s built-in retention policies to keep all mailboxes at reasonable levels and never again will you have users screaming of slow outlook that is bloated beyond belief. I will mention that doing any of these solutions is a considerable time commitment when you factor importing old emails to these systems. In the end, it will give you peace of mind that you will always have copies of ANY email that your company receives, no matter what the user does with it. All these systems use journaling to essentially copy the message to these systems before the user touches it.

Overview

With todays reliance on email, many people use outlook as there filing system. Its not to uncommon to find 10GB+ mailboxes. This is becoming a common problem for many exchange administrators because they have no way to deal with the shear size of these mailboxes. Outlook archive system isn't sufficiant, because most time the PSTs it creates do not properly archive and isn't centralally located which causes a nightmare when looking for archived emails.

• Find the total size of your mdb file (ex.100 GB) and compare to your Exchange server folder size. This should be the same or close to it. I have seen instances where the Exchange log files spin out of control and accumulate a ton of space. If this is the case please consolidate your log files by doing a proper exchange backup (Backup Exec, Ntbackup **server2003**, Acronis for Exchange, etc…). DO NOT USE A IMAGE BACKUP, as this does not consolidate exchange logs.
• Run the following command from Exchange Management Shell (exports mailbox list with size to c:\mailboxsize.txt)
  • Get-MailboxStatistics -Server EXCHANGESERVER | Sort-Object TotalItemSize -Descending | ft DisplayName,@{label="TotalItemSize(MB)";expression={$_.TotalItemSize.Value.ToMB()}},ItemCount >c:\mailboxsize.txt
• After finding the large mailboxes you can find what folders are taking up the most space in that mailbox. Run this from EMS (Exports folder list of specific mailbox to c:\mailboxfoldersize.csv)
• Get-MailboxFolderStatistics -Identity USERNAME -FolderScope "All" | select @{n="DisplayName";e={$mbx.displayName}},FolderPath,ItemsInFolder,@{n="FolderSize(MB)";e={$_.folderSize.toMB()}} | export-csv c:\mailboxfoldersize.csv
• From here you will be very informed of who or what is taking up all that exchange space. Sometimes it’s a simple export to PST from the server to clean inbox and sent items. Other times users still need direct access to those archived files and I’d recommend using a 3^rd party software like GFI Mailarchiver for this. If you can’t spend any money, you could attach the PST to the mailbox via mapped drive, but this is NOT recommended, because the user has a tendancy to change or add email to the PST which isn’t good.